Tangent
In a right triangle ABC with right angle C
,
tan A = ( OPPOSITE SIDE OF A)/( ADJACENT
SIDE OF A)
Tangent line
A tangent line to a circle is a line that contains exactly
one point of the circle. The tangent line to a curve at
a point P is the limiting position, if this exists,
of the secant line through a fixed point P on the
curve and a variable point P' on the curve so
that approaches P along the curvE.
Target population
The population to be considered for a statistical application.
Target row
In an elementary row operation, it is the row that is changed.
See Elementary row operations.
Tautology A
compound statement is a tautology if all values on its truth
table are true.
Temperature
The degree of hotness or coldness.
Ten
A representation for "XXXXXXXXXX" objects.
Term A number, a variable, or
a product of numbers and variables. See Polynomial. A term
of a sequence is one of the elements of that sequence.
Terminating
decimal See Decimal fraction.
Tessellation
A mosaic, repetitive pattern.
Test point
A point that is chosen to find the appropriate half-plane
when graphing a linear inequality in two variables.
Theorem A statement
that has been proved. See Deductive reasoning.
Theoretical
probability A probability obtained by logical reasoning
according to stated definitions.
Time In a financial
problem, the length of time (in years) from the present
value to the future value.
*Row An elementary
row operation that multiplies each entry of a row of a matrix
(called the target row) by some number, called a scalar.
The elements of the row are replaced term-by-term by the
products. It is denoted by *Row.
*Row+ An elementary
row operation that multiplies each entry of a row of a matrix
(called the pivot row) by some number (called a scalar),
and then adds that product, term-by-term, to the numbers
in another row (called the target row). The results replace
the entries in the target row, term-by-term. It is denoted
by *Row+.
Ton A measurement
of mass in the United States system; it is equal to 2,000
lbs.
Topologically
equivalent Two geometric figures are said to be
topologically equivalent if one figure can be elastically
twisted, stretched, bent, shrunk, or straightened into the
same shape as the other. One can cut the figure, provided
at some point the cut edges are "glued" back together again
to be exactly the same as before.
Tournament
Method A method of selecting a winner by pairing
candidates head-to-head with the winner of one facing a
new opponent for the next election.
Topology That
branch of geometry that deals with the topological properties
of figures. If one figure can be transformed into another
by stretching or contracting, then the figures are said
to be topologically equivalent.
Trailing zeros
Sometimes zeros are placed after the decimal point
or after the last digit to the right of the decimal point,
and if these zeros do not change the value of the number,
they are called trailing zeros.
Transformation
A passage from one figure or expression to another, such
as a reflection, translation, rotation, contraction, or
dilation.
Transformational
geometry The geometry that studies transformations.
Transitive law
If A beats B, and B beats C,
then A should beat C. In symbols,
equality: If a = b and b
= c, then a = c;
inequality: If a > b and b
>c, then a > c.
Also holds for <, <=, and >=.
Transitive reasoning If
a = b and b = c, then a
= c.
Translating
symbols The process of writing an English sentence
in mathematical symbols.
Transversal
A line that intersects two parallel lines.
Trapezoid A
quadrilateral that has two parallel sides.
Transverse axis
The line passing through the foci is called the transverse
axis.
Traveling
salesperson problem A salesperson starts at home
and wants to visit several cities without going through
any site more than once and then returning to the starting
city.
Traversable
network A network is said to be traversable if it
can be traced in one sweep without lifting the pencil from
the paper and without tracing the same edge more than once.
Vertices may be passed through more than once.
Tree A graph which
is connected and has no circuits.
Tree diagram
A device used to list all the possibilities for an experiment.
Triangle A polygon
with three sides.
Trichotomy
Exactly on of the following is true for any real numbers
a and b:
a < b, a > b, or a = b
Trigonometric functions
The same as the trigonometric ratios.
Trigonometric
ratios The sine, cosine, and tangent ratios are
known as the trigonometric ratios.
Trillion
A name for 1012 = 1,000,000,000,000.
Trinomial A polynomial with exactly
three terms.
Truth set The
set of values that makes a given statement true.
Truth table
A table that shows the truth values of all possibilities
for compound statements.
Truth value
The truth value of a simple statement is true or false.
The truth value of a compound statement is true or false
and depends only on the truth values of it simple component
parts. It is determined by using the rules for connecting
those parts with well-defined operators.
Turtle In the
computer language LOGO, it is the name for the cursor.
Two-point form
Type I error
Rejection of a hypotheses based on sampling when, in fact,
the hypothesis is true.
Type II error
Acceptance of a hypothesis based on sampling when, in fact,
it is false.
