4.5 Outline

A. First calculating tool
B. Early calculating devices
     1. abacus
     2. slide rule
C. Mechanical calculators
     1. Pascal's calculator
     2. Babbage's calculating machine
D. Hand-held calculators
E. First computers
    1. ENIAC
    2. UNIVAC I
F. Present-day computers
    1. Cray supercomputer
    2. IBM supercomputer
    3. minicomputers
    4. personal computers
        a. mouse
        b. laptop
        c. networks
        d. Internet
        e. World Wide Web (www)
G. Computer hardware
     1. definition
     2. peripherals
     3. ROM/RAM
     4. hard drive
     5. microcomputers
     6. input/output
     7. keyboard/monitor/printer
     8. resolution
H. Computer software
     1. definition
     2. packages
     3. word processing
     4. database management
     5. spreadsheets
I.  Use of computers
     1. data processing
     2. information retrieval
     3. pattern recognition
     4. modem
     5. communications package
     6. upload/download
     7. e-mail
     8. Face book/Twitter
     9. bulletin boards/chat rooms
J.  Misuses of computers
    1. password
    2. computer abuse
        a. illegal use
        b. pirating
        c. ignorance
K. Look forward
     1. CAD
     2. artificial intelligence

4.5 Essential Ideas

This section is primarily exposition, so just read the section carefully and slowly.