Links

Videos

Odds and Probability  (time: 2:53)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XllKz2cX73Q

Conditional Probability (time: 11:07)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PwnvqGEHoU

History

This is one of the best all around sites that I have found. It is titled "The MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive."
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/

This is an award-winning site that links to all sorts of mathematics information.
http://archives.math.utk.edu/

Cardano:
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Cardan.html

Pascal:
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Pascal.html

Fermat:
http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Fermat.html

Reference Topics

This site (which may too advanced) discusses odds for real world games
http://wizardofodds.com/

This site discusses the odds of gambling:
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/gamble/odds/

This site discusses conditional probability and then goes beyond the text's discussion and discusses Bayes' Rule.
http://web.as.uky.edu/statistics/users/viele/sta531f00/condprob/condprob.html